Estonia

Russell Sanford

@russelljsanford

Geopolitical and historical information on the Eastern European country of Estonia.

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Russell Sanford

@russelljsanford

Geopolitical and historical information on the Eastern European country of Estonia.

Estonia Country Profile - BBC News

Provides an overview of Estonia, including key events and facts about this small country on the Baltic sea.
http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-17220810
Cool Facts About Estonia - Visit Estonia

Estonia is on the northeastern edge of the European Union, neighbouring Finland, Latvia and Russia. More facts here.
http://www.visitestonia.com/en/why-estonia/brief-introduction-to-estonia
Estonia in the EU - EUROPA

Estonia is the most northerly of the three Baltic States and is a predominantly flat country on the eastern shores of the Baltic Sea.
http://europa.eu/about-eu/countries/member-countries/estonia/index_en.htm
Lessons from the World's Most Tech-Savvy Government - The Atlantic

What makes this tiny country interesting in terms of governance is not just that the people can elect their parliament online or get tax overpayments back within two days of filing their returns.
http://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2014/01/lessons-from-the-worlds-most-tech-savvy-government/283341/
The World Factbook: Estonia

The World Factbook for Estonia.
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/en.html
Religion In Estonia - Visit Estonia

Read about the main active religions in Estonia: Russian Orthodox, Lutheran, Judaism and the "Old believers".
https://www.visitestonia.com/en/about-estonia/estonian-culture/religion-in-estonia
Estonia GDP

The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Estonia was worth 25.90 billion US dollars in 2014. The GDP value of Estonia represents 0.04 percent of the world economy. GDP in Estonia averaged 11.24 USD Billion from 1987 until 2014, reaching an all time high of 25.90 USD Billion in 2014 and a record low of 3.88 USD Billion in 1993.
http://www.tradingeconomics.com/estonia/gdp
Estonia Economy: Population, GDP, Inflation, Business, Trade, FDI, Corruption

Learn more about the Estonia economy, including the population of Estonia, GDP, facts, trade, business, inflation and other data and analysis on its economy from the Index of Economic Freedom published by The Heritage Foundation.
http://www.heritage.org/index/country/estonia
Estonia Military Strength

2015 Military Power and Ranked Strength of Estonia.
http://www.globalfirepower.com/country-military-strength-detail.asp?country_id=estonia
Estonian Defence Forces

The official website of the Estonian Defense Forces.
http://www.mil.ee/en/defence-forces
Culture of Estonia: History, People, Clothing, Traditions - Every Culture

"Eesti" can be traced to a first-century mention by the Roman historian Tacitus of a people or place called Aestii or Aestui. The name may derive from a German word referring to the east. Place names have been traced to this period, suggesting a link between language and homeland.
http://www.everyculture.com/Cr-Ga/Estonia.html
Culture of Estonia - About

Estonian culture is that of a nation of a little more than one million people. Along with the language, this culture is the main vehicle for Estonian identity, hence the respect which Estonians feel for it.
http://estonia.eu/about-estonia/culture-a-science/estonian-culture.html
Estonia - Lonely Planet

Estonia does'nt have to struggle to find a point of difference: its completely unique.
https://www.lonelyplanet.com/estonia
Estonia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Estonia, officially the Republic of Estonia, is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estonia
Healthcare in Estonia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Healthcare in Estonia is supervised by the Ministry of Social Affairs and funded by general taxation through the National Health Service.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healthcare_in_Estonia

Comments

Republic of Estonia Eesti Vabariik (Estonian)
Flag Coat of arms
Anthem: Mu isamaa, mu õnn ja rõõm (English: "My Fatherland, My Happiness and Joy"^[1])
Location of Estonia (dark green) – in Europe (green & dark grey) – in the European Union (green) – [Legend]
Capital and largest city	Tallinn 59°25′N 24°45′E / 59.417°N 24.750°E / 59.417; 24.750
Official language	Estonian
Ethnic groups (2025 ^[a]) ^[2]	68.5% Estonians 21.0% Russians 5.4% Ukrainians 5.1% Others
Religion (2021 ^[3])	58% no religion 27% Christianity 13% undeclared 2% other
Demonym(s)	Estonian
Government	Unitary parliamentary republic

• President	Alar Karis
• Prime Minister	Kristen Michal

Legislature	Riigikogu
Independence from Russia and Germany

• Declaration of independence	23–24 February 1918
• German and Soviet occupations	1940–1991^[b]
• Independence restored	20 August 1991

Area
• Total	45,335^[4] km² (17,504 sq mi) (129th^d)
• Water (%)	4.6
Population
• 2024 estimate	1,373,101^[5]
• 2021 census	1,331,824^[6]
• Density	30.3/km² (78.5/sq mi) (148th)
GDP (PPP)	2025 estimate
• Total	$68.240 billion^[7] (119th)
• Per capita	$49,670^[8] (42th)
GDP (nominal)	2025 estimate
• Total	$45.00 billion^[9] (99th)
• Per capita	$32,760^[10] (37th)
Gini (2021)	30.6^[11] medium inequality
HDI (2023)	0.905^[12]> very high (36th)
Currency	Euro (€) (EUR)
Time zone	UTC+02:00 (EET)
• Summer ( DST)	UTC+03:00 (EEST)
Calling code	+372
ISO 3166 code	EE
Internet TLD	.ee

Source : Wikipedia under CC-BY-SA license

Links
Media

Estonia Country Profile - BBC News

Provides an overview of Estonia, including key events and facts about this small country on the Baltic sea.
http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-17220810
Cool Facts About Estonia - Visit Estonia

Estonia is on the northeastern edge of the European Union, neighbouring Finland, Latvia and Russia. More facts here.
http://www.visitestonia.com/en/why-estonia/brief-introduction-to-estonia
Estonia in the EU - EUROPA

Estonia is the most northerly of the three Baltic States and is a predominantly flat country on the eastern shores of the Baltic Sea.
http://europa.eu/about-eu/countries/member-countries/estonia/index_en.htm
Lessons from the World's Most Tech-Savvy Government - The Atlantic

What makes this tiny country interesting in terms of governance is not just that the people can elect their parliament online or get tax overpayments back within two days of filing their returns.
http://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2014/01/lessons-from-the-worlds-most-tech-savvy-government/283341/
The World Factbook: Estonia

The World Factbook for Estonia.
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/en.html
Religion In Estonia - Visit Estonia

Read about the main active religions in Estonia: Russian Orthodox, Lutheran, Judaism and the "Old believers".
https://www.visitestonia.com/en/about-estonia/estonian-culture/religion-in-estonia
Estonia GDP

The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Estonia was worth 25.90 billion US dollars in 2014. The GDP value of Estonia represents 0.04 percent of the world economy. GDP in Estonia averaged 11.24 USD Billion from 1987 until 2014, reaching an all time high of 25.90 USD Billion in 2014 and a record low of 3.88 USD Billion in 1993.
http://www.tradingeconomics.com/estonia/gdp
Estonia Economy: Population, GDP, Inflation, Business, Trade, FDI, Corruption

Learn more about the Estonia economy, including the population of Estonia, GDP, facts, trade, business, inflation and other data and analysis on its economy from the Index of Economic Freedom published by The Heritage Foundation.
http://www.heritage.org/index/country/estonia
Estonia Military Strength

2015 Military Power and Ranked Strength of Estonia.
http://www.globalfirepower.com/country-military-strength-detail.asp?country_id=estonia
Estonian Defence Forces

The official website of the Estonian Defense Forces.
http://www.mil.ee/en/defence-forces
Culture of Estonia: History, People, Clothing, Traditions - Every Culture

"Eesti" can be traced to a first-century mention by the Roman historian Tacitus of a people or place called Aestii or Aestui. The name may derive from a German word referring to the east. Place names have been traced to this period, suggesting a link between language and homeland.
http://www.everyculture.com/Cr-Ga/Estonia.html
Culture of Estonia - About

Estonian culture is that of a nation of a little more than one million people. Along with the language, this culture is the main vehicle for Estonian identity, hence the respect which Estonians feel for it.
http://estonia.eu/about-estonia/culture-a-science/estonian-culture.html
Estonia - Lonely Planet

Estonia does'nt have to struggle to find a point of difference: its completely unique.
https://www.lonelyplanet.com/estonia
Estonia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Estonia, officially the Republic of Estonia, is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estonia
Healthcare in Estonia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Healthcare in Estonia is supervised by the Ministry of Social Affairs and funded by general taxation through the National Health Service.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healthcare_in_Estonia

Republic of Estonia Eesti Vabariik (Estonian)
Flag Coat of arms
Anthem: Mu isamaa, mu õnn ja rõõm (English: "My Fatherland, My Happiness and Joy"^[1])
Location of Estonia (dark green) – in Europe (green & dark grey) – in the European Union (green) – [Legend]
Capital and largest city	Tallinn 59°25′N 24°45′E / 59.417°N 24.750°E / 59.417; 24.750
Official language	Estonian
Ethnic groups (2025 ^[a]) ^[2]	68.5% Estonians 21.0% Russians 5.4% Ukrainians 5.1% Others
Religion (2021 ^[3])	58% no religion 27% Christianity 13% undeclared 2% other
Demonym(s)	Estonian
Government	Unitary parliamentary republic

• President	Alar Karis
• Prime Minister	Kristen Michal

Legislature	Riigikogu
Independence from Russia and Germany

• Declaration of independence	23–24 February 1918
• German and Soviet occupations	1940–1991^[b]
• Independence restored	20 August 1991

Area
• Total	45,335^[4] km² (17,504 sq mi) (129th^d)
• Water (%)	4.6
Population
• 2024 estimate	1,373,101^[5]
• 2021 census	1,331,824^[6]
• Density	30.3/km² (78.5/sq mi) (148th)
GDP (PPP)	2025 estimate
• Total	$68.240 billion^[7] (119th)
• Per capita	$49,670^[8] (42th)
GDP (nominal)	2025 estimate
• Total	$45.00 billion^[9] (99th)
• Per capita	$32,760^[10] (37th)
Gini (2021)	30.6^[11] medium inequality
HDI (2023)	0.905^[12]> very high (36th)
Currency	Euro (€) (EUR)
Time zone	UTC+02:00 (EET)
• Summer ( DST)	UTC+03:00 (EEST)
Calling code	+372
ISO 3166 code	EE
Internet TLD	.ee

Source : Wikipedia under CC-BY-SA license

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Estonia

Geopolitical and historical information on the Eastern European country of Estonia.

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