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Venus

Russell Sanford

@russelljsanford

Information on the astronomical development, evolution and properties of Venus, the second planet from the sun in the Milky Way.

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Russell Sanford

@russelljsanford

Information on the astronomical development, evolution and properties of Venus, the second planet from the sun in the Milky Way.

The Planet Venus: Astronomy and Space for Kids - FreeSchool - Youtube

The second planet from the sun, Venus is the brightest planet visible from earth. Known throughout the centuries for its beauty, the surface Venus is actually a hostile environment of heat, pressure, and toxic atmosphere.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UciCLg8g_4Y
Interesting Facts About Venus - Universe Today

Venus was once considered a twin to Earth, as it's roughly the same size and is relatively close to our planet. But once astronomers looked at it seriously in the past half-century or so, a lot of contrasts emerged.
http://www.universetoday.com/14070/interesting-facts-about-venus/
Venus Facts for Kids - Science Kids

Venus is a fascinating planet that is similar in size to Earth but very different in regards to atmosphere and surface conditions. Its thick clouds lock in the heat while the surface rages with active volcanoes.
http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/sciencefacts/planets/venus.html
The 10 Weirdest Facts About Venus - Space

With this week's ultra-rare transit of Venus, in which the planet will pass in front of the sun as seen from Earth on Tuesday (June 5), we here at SPACE.com think it's a great time to take a look at the peculiar quirks of one of our closest neighbors in the solar system.
http://www.space.com/15988-venus-planet-weird-facts.html
Planets For Kids - Venus

Venus is the brightest planet in the Solar System and can be seen even in daylight if you know where to look. When Venus is west of the Sun, she rises before the Sun in the morning and is known as the Morning Star. When she is east of the Sun, she shines in the evening just after sunset and is known as the Evening Star.
http://www.planetsforkids.org/planet-venus.html
Venus Information, Facts, News, Photos - National Geographic

Get information, facts, photos, news, videos, and more about planet Venus from National Geographic.
http://science.nationalgeographic.com/science/space/solar-system/venus-article
Venus Facts: Interesting Facts about Planet Venus - The Planets

Venus is the second planet from the Sun and the third brightest object in Earth's sky after the Sun and Moon. It is sometimes referred to as the sister planet to Earth, because their size and mass are so similar. Venus is also the closest planet to Earth. The surface of Venus is hidden by an opaque layer of clouds which are formed from sulphuric acid.
http://theplanets.org/venus/
The Planet Venus - Universe Today

As the morning star, the evening star, and the brightest natural object in the sky (after the Moon), human beings have been aware of Venus since time immemorial. Even though it would be many thousands of years before it was recognized as being a planet, its has been a part of human culture since the beginning of recorded history.
http://www.universetoday.com/14069/venus/
Venus Facts: Interesting Facts about the Planet Venus - Space Facts

Venus is the second planet from the Sun and is the second brightest object in the night sky after the Moon. Named after the Roman goddess of love and beauty, Venus is the second largest terrestrial planet and is sometimes referred to as the Earth's sister planet due the their similar size and mass. The surface of the planet is obscured by an opaque layer of clouds made up of sulfuric acid.
http://space-facts.com/venus
Planet Venus Facts: A Hot, Hellish and Volcanic Planet

Venus is the brightest planet in our solar system, has a hellish atmosphere, and is covered in volcanoes. Learn more about planet Venus here.
http://www.space.com/44-venus-second-planet-from-the-sun-brightest-planet-in-solar-system.html
Venus - Astronomy

Astronomy is for anyone who wants to learn more about astronomy events, cosmology, planets, galaxies, asteroids, astrophotography, the Big Bang, black holes, comets, constellations, eclipses, exoplanets, nebulae, meteors, quasars, observing, telescopes, NASA, Hubble, space missions, stargazing, and more.
http://www.astronomy.com/tags/venus
What is the Average Surface Temperature on Venus? - Universe Today

Venus is often referred to as our "sister planet," due to the many geophysical similarities that exist between it Earth.
http://www.universetoday.com/14306/temperature-of-venus/
Venus: Educational facts and history of the planet Venus - Nine Planets

Venus is the second planet from the Sun and the sixth largest. Venus' orbit is the most nearly circular of that of any planet, with an eccentricity of less than 1%.
http://nineplanets.org/venus.html
Solar System Exploration - NASA

Similar in structure and size to Earth, Venus' thick, toxic atmosphere traps heat in a runaway greenhouse effect. A permanent layer of clouds traps heat, creating surface temperatures hot enough to melt lead. Glimpses below the clouds reveal volcanoes and deformed mountains. Venus spins slowly in the opposite direction of most planets.
http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/venus
Venus - Wikipedia

Venus is the second planet from the Sun, orbiting it every 224.7 Earth days.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus

Comments

Venus

True colour image of Venus, as captured by MESSENGER. A cloud layer permanently obscures the surface.

Designations

Pronunciation

/ˈviːnəs/

Named after

Roman goddess of love (see goddess Venus)

Adjectives

Venusian /vɪˈnjuːziən, -ʒən/,^[1] rarely Cytherean /sɪθəˈriːən/^[2] or Venerean / Venerian /vɪˈnɪəriən/^[3]

Symbol

Orbital characteristics^[4]^[5]

Epoch J2000

Aphelion

0.728213 AU (108.94 million km)

Perihelion

0.718440 AU (107.48 million km)

Semi-major axis

0.723332 AU (108.21 million km)

Eccentricity

0.006772^[6]

Orbital period (sidereal)

224.701 d^[4]
0.615198 Julian year
0.615187 sidereal year
1.92 Venus solar day

Orbital period (synodic)

583.92 days^[4]

Average orbital speed

35.02 km/s

Mean anomaly

50.115°

Inclination

3.39458° to ecliptic
3.86° to Sun's equator
2.15° to invariable plane^[7]

Longitude of ascending node

76.680°^[6]

Argument of perihelion

54.884°

Satellites

None

Physical characteristics

Mean radius

6,051.8±1.0 km^[8]
0.9499 Earths

Flattening

0^[8]

Surface area

4.6023×10⁸ km²
0.902 Earths

Volume

9.2843×10¹¹ km³
0.857 Earths

Mass

4.8675×10²⁴ kg^[9]
0.815 Earths

Mean density

5.243 g/cm³

Surface gravity

8.87 m/s² (0.904 g₀)

Escape velocity

10.36 km/s (6.44 mi/s)^[10]

Synodic rotation period

−116.75 d (retrograde)^[11]
1 Venus solar day

Sidereal rotation period

−243.0226 d (retrograde)^[12]

Equatorial rotation velocity

1.81 m/s

Axial tilt

2.64° (for retrograde rotation)
177.36° (to orbit)^[4]^{[note 1]}

North pole right ascension

18^h 11^m 2^s
272.76°^[13]^[14]

North pole declination

67.16°^[14]

Albedo

0.689 (geometric)^[15]
0.76 (Bond)^[16]

Temperature

232 K (−41 °C) (blackbody temperature)^[17]

Surface temp.	min	mean	max
Kelvin		737 K^[4]
Celsius		464 °C
Fahrenheit		867 °F

Surface absorbed dose rate

2.1×10⁻⁶ μGy/h^[18]

Surface equivalent dose rate

2.2×10⁻⁶ μSv/h
0.092–22 μSv/h at cloud level^[18]

Apparent magnitude

−4.92 to −2.98^[19]

Absolute magnitude (H)

−4.4^[20]

Angular diameter

9.7″–66.0″^[4]

Atmosphere^[4]

Surface pressure

93 bar (9.3 MPa)
92 atm

Composition by volume

96.5% carbon dioxide
3.5% nitrogen
0.015% sulphur dioxide
0.0070% argon
0.0020% water vapour
0.0017% carbon monoxide
0.0012% helium
0.0007% neon
Trace carbonyl sulfide
Trace hydrogen chloride
Trace hydrogen fluoride

^ Defining the rotation as retrograde, as done by NASA space missions and the USGS, puts Ishtar Terra in the northern hemisphere and makes the axial tilt 2.64°. Following the right-hand rule for prograde rotation puts Ishtar Terra in the negative hemisphere and makes the axial tilt 177.36°.

Source : Wikipedia under CC-BY-SA license

Links
Media

The Planet Venus: Astronomy and Space for Kids - FreeSchool - Youtube

The second planet from the sun, Venus is the brightest planet visible from earth. Known throughout the centuries for its beauty, the surface Venus is actually a hostile environment of heat, pressure, and toxic atmosphere.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UciCLg8g_4Y
Interesting Facts About Venus - Universe Today

Venus was once considered a twin to Earth, as it's roughly the same size and is relatively close to our planet. But once astronomers looked at it seriously in the past half-century or so, a lot of contrasts emerged.
http://www.universetoday.com/14070/interesting-facts-about-venus/
Venus Facts for Kids - Science Kids

Venus is a fascinating planet that is similar in size to Earth but very different in regards to atmosphere and surface conditions. Its thick clouds lock in the heat while the surface rages with active volcanoes.
http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/sciencefacts/planets/venus.html
The 10 Weirdest Facts About Venus - Space

With this week's ultra-rare transit of Venus, in which the planet will pass in front of the sun as seen from Earth on Tuesday (June 5), we here at SPACE.com think it's a great time to take a look at the peculiar quirks of one of our closest neighbors in the solar system.
http://www.space.com/15988-venus-planet-weird-facts.html
Planets For Kids - Venus

Venus is the brightest planet in the Solar System and can be seen even in daylight if you know where to look. When Venus is west of the Sun, she rises before the Sun in the morning and is known as the Morning Star. When she is east of the Sun, she shines in the evening just after sunset and is known as the Evening Star.
http://www.planetsforkids.org/planet-venus.html
Venus Information, Facts, News, Photos - National Geographic

Get information, facts, photos, news, videos, and more about planet Venus from National Geographic.
http://science.nationalgeographic.com/science/space/solar-system/venus-article
Venus Facts: Interesting Facts about Planet Venus - The Planets

Venus is the second planet from the Sun and the third brightest object in Earth's sky after the Sun and Moon. It is sometimes referred to as the sister planet to Earth, because their size and mass are so similar. Venus is also the closest planet to Earth. The surface of Venus is hidden by an opaque layer of clouds which are formed from sulphuric acid.
http://theplanets.org/venus/
The Planet Venus - Universe Today

As the morning star, the evening star, and the brightest natural object in the sky (after the Moon), human beings have been aware of Venus since time immemorial. Even though it would be many thousands of years before it was recognized as being a planet, its has been a part of human culture since the beginning of recorded history.
http://www.universetoday.com/14069/venus/
Venus Facts: Interesting Facts about the Planet Venus - Space Facts

Venus is the second planet from the Sun and is the second brightest object in the night sky after the Moon. Named after the Roman goddess of love and beauty, Venus is the second largest terrestrial planet and is sometimes referred to as the Earth's sister planet due the their similar size and mass. The surface of the planet is obscured by an opaque layer of clouds made up of sulfuric acid.
http://space-facts.com/venus
Planet Venus Facts: A Hot, Hellish and Volcanic Planet

Venus is the brightest planet in our solar system, has a hellish atmosphere, and is covered in volcanoes. Learn more about planet Venus here.
http://www.space.com/44-venus-second-planet-from-the-sun-brightest-planet-in-solar-system.html
Venus - Astronomy

Astronomy is for anyone who wants to learn more about astronomy events, cosmology, planets, galaxies, asteroids, astrophotography, the Big Bang, black holes, comets, constellations, eclipses, exoplanets, nebulae, meteors, quasars, observing, telescopes, NASA, Hubble, space missions, stargazing, and more.
http://www.astronomy.com/tags/venus
What is the Average Surface Temperature on Venus? - Universe Today

Venus is often referred to as our "sister planet," due to the many geophysical similarities that exist between it Earth.
http://www.universetoday.com/14306/temperature-of-venus/
Venus: Educational facts and history of the planet Venus - Nine Planets

Venus is the second planet from the Sun and the sixth largest. Venus' orbit is the most nearly circular of that of any planet, with an eccentricity of less than 1%.
http://nineplanets.org/venus.html
Solar System Exploration - NASA

Similar in structure and size to Earth, Venus' thick, toxic atmosphere traps heat in a runaway greenhouse effect. A permanent layer of clouds traps heat, creating surface temperatures hot enough to melt lead. Glimpses below the clouds reveal volcanoes and deformed mountains. Venus spins slowly in the opposite direction of most planets.
http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/venus
Venus - Wikipedia

Venus is the second planet from the Sun, orbiting it every 224.7 Earth days.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus

Venus

True colour image of Venus, as captured by MESSENGER. A cloud layer permanently obscures the surface.

Designations

Pronunciation

/ˈviːnəs/

Named after

Roman goddess of love (see goddess Venus)

Adjectives

Venusian /vɪˈnjuːziən, -ʒən/,^[1] rarely Cytherean /sɪθəˈriːən/^[2] or Venerean / Venerian /vɪˈnɪəriən/^[3]

Symbol

Orbital characteristics^[4]^[5]

Epoch J2000

Aphelion

0.728213 AU (108.94 million km)

Perihelion

0.718440 AU (107.48 million km)

Semi-major axis

0.723332 AU (108.21 million km)

Eccentricity

0.006772^[6]

Orbital period (sidereal)

224.701 d^[4]
0.615198 Julian year
0.615187 sidereal year
1.92 Venus solar day

Orbital period (synodic)

583.92 days^[4]

Average orbital speed

35.02 km/s

Mean anomaly

50.115°

Inclination

3.39458° to ecliptic
3.86° to Sun's equator
2.15° to invariable plane^[7]

Longitude of ascending node

76.680°^[6]

Argument of perihelion

54.884°

Satellites

None

Physical characteristics

Mean radius

6,051.8±1.0 km^[8]
0.9499 Earths

Flattening

0^[8]

Surface area

4.6023×10⁸ km²
0.902 Earths

Volume

9.2843×10¹¹ km³
0.857 Earths

Mass

4.8675×10²⁴ kg^[9]
0.815 Earths

Mean density

5.243 g/cm³

Surface gravity

8.87 m/s² (0.904 g₀)

Escape velocity

10.36 km/s (6.44 mi/s)^[10]

Synodic rotation period

−116.75 d (retrograde)^[11]
1 Venus solar day

Sidereal rotation period

−243.0226 d (retrograde)^[12]

Equatorial rotation velocity

1.81 m/s

Axial tilt

2.64° (for retrograde rotation)
177.36° (to orbit)^[4]^{[note 1]}

North pole right ascension

18^h 11^m 2^s
272.76°^[13]^[14]

North pole declination

67.16°^[14]

Albedo

0.689 (geometric)^[15]
0.76 (Bond)^[16]

Temperature

232 K (−41 °C) (blackbody temperature)^[17]

Surface temp.	min	mean	max
Kelvin		737 K^[4]
Celsius		464 °C
Fahrenheit		867 °F

Surface absorbed dose rate

2.1×10⁻⁶ μGy/h^[18]

Surface equivalent dose rate

2.2×10⁻⁶ μSv/h
0.092–22 μSv/h at cloud level^[18]

Apparent magnitude

−4.92 to −2.98^[19]

Absolute magnitude (H)

−4.4^[20]

Angular diameter

9.7″–66.0″^[4]

Atmosphere^[4]

Surface pressure

93 bar (9.3 MPa)
92 atm

Composition by volume

96.5% carbon dioxide
3.5% nitrogen
0.015% sulphur dioxide
0.0070% argon
0.0020% water vapour
0.0017% carbon monoxide
0.0012% helium
0.0007% neon
Trace carbonyl sulfide
Trace hydrogen chloride
Trace hydrogen fluoride

^ Defining the rotation as retrograde, as done by NASA space missions and the USGS, puts Ishtar Terra in the northern hemisphere and makes the axial tilt 2.64°. Following the right-hand rule for prograde rotation puts Ishtar Terra in the negative hemisphere and makes the axial tilt 177.36°.

Source : Wikipedia under CC-BY-SA license

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Venus

Information on the astronomical development, evolution and properties of Venus, the second planet from the sun in the Milky Way.

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