Autism | |
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Other names |
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Greta Thunberg, a climate and autism activist, has been diagnosed with autism.[1] | |
Specialty | Psychiatry, clinical psychology, pediatrics, occupational medicine |
Symptoms | Difficulties in social interaction, verbal and nonverbal communication, and the presence of repetitive behavior or restricted interests |
Complications | Social isolation, educational and employment problems,[2] anxiety,[2] stress,[2] bullying, depression,[2][3] self-harm |
Onset | Early childhood |
Duration | Lifelong |
Causes | Multifactorial, with many uncertain factors |
Risk factors | Family history, certain genetic conditions, having older parents, certain prescribed drugs, perinatal and neonatal health issues |
Diagnostic method | Based on combination of clinical observation of behavior and development and comprehensive diagnostic testing completed by a team of qualified professionals (including psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, neuropsychologists, pediatricians, and speech-language pathologists). For adults, the use of a patient's written and oral history of autistic traits becomes more important |
Differential diagnosis | Intellectual disability, anxiety, bipolar disorder, depression, Rett syndrome, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, schizoid personality disorder, selective mutism, schizophrenia, obsessive–compulsive disorder, social anxiety disorder, Einstein syndrome, PTSD,[4] learning disorders (mainly speech disorders) |
Management | Applied behavior analysis, cognitive behavioral therapy, occupational therapy, psychotropic medication,[5] speech–language pathology |
Frequency |
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Autism | |
---|---|
Other names |
|
Greta Thunberg, a climate and autism activist, has been diagnosed with autism.[1] | |
Specialty | Psychiatry, clinical psychology, pediatrics, occupational medicine |
Symptoms | Difficulties in social interaction, verbal and nonverbal communication, and the presence of repetitive behavior or restricted interests |
Complications | Social isolation, educational and employment problems,[2] anxiety,[2] stress,[2] bullying, depression,[2][3] self-harm |
Onset | Early childhood |
Duration | Lifelong |
Causes | Multifactorial, with many uncertain factors |
Risk factors | Family history, certain genetic conditions, having older parents, certain prescribed drugs, perinatal and neonatal health issues |
Diagnostic method | Based on combination of clinical observation of behavior and development and comprehensive diagnostic testing completed by a team of qualified professionals (including psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, neuropsychologists, pediatricians, and speech-language pathologists). For adults, the use of a patient's written and oral history of autistic traits becomes more important |
Differential diagnosis | Intellectual disability, anxiety, bipolar disorder, depression, Rett syndrome, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, schizoid personality disorder, selective mutism, schizophrenia, obsessive–compulsive disorder, social anxiety disorder, Einstein syndrome, PTSD,[4] learning disorders (mainly speech disorders) |
Management | Applied behavior analysis, cognitive behavioral therapy, occupational therapy, psychotropic medication,[5] speech–language pathology |
Frequency |
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