Economy

Lauren McMullen

@lauren

Information about the economy--currency, gross domestic product (GDP) and development programs and challenges--of each European country and the economy of the continent as a whole.

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Lauren McMullen

@lauren

Information about the economy--currency, gross domestic product (GDP) and development programs and challenges--of each European country and the economy of the continent as a whole.

Europe's Economy Needs Action, Not Words - Bloomberg View

Governments need to enact fiscal policy and financial reform.
http://www.bloombergview.com/articles/2015-09-04/europe-s-economy-needs-action-not-words
The Economy of Europe - Study

After watching this video, you will be able to describe the economy of Europe, including how countries of Europe work together economically.
http://study.com/academy/lesson/the-economy-of-europe.html
European Economic Review - Elsevier

Established in 1969, European Economic Review is one of the oldest general-interest economics journals for all of Europe.
http://www.journals.elsevier.com/european-economic-review
EUROPA - The economy

Key facts and figures on living in the EU: size and population, quality of life, education, languages, attitudes towards the EU.
http://europa.eu/about-eu/facts-figures/economy/index_en.htm
Eurozone crisis - Business - The Guardian

Understanding the Eurozone crisis in Europe.
http://www.theguardian.com/business/debt-crisis
Three reasons to cheer Europe's economy

Europe has been a top risk for the world economy for years. Is that about to change?
http://money.cnn.com/2015/03/05/news/economy/europe-economy-recovery
Europe's Economy - CNN Money

Europe's economy is set to remain in recession through 2013, making it harder for eurozone nations such as Spain, Italy and possibly even France to hit critical financial targets.
http://money.cnn.com/news/economy/europe/
European Economy - European Commission

European Economy contains major reports and communications from the Commission to the Council and the Parliament on the economic situation and economic developments.
http://ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/publications/european_economy/index_en.htm
European Economy - The Economist

The Economist describes the European Economy.
http://www.economist.com/topics/european-economy
Economy of the European Union - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The economy of the European Union generates a GDP (nominal) of about 14.303 trillion (US$18.451 trillion in 2014) and a GDP (PPP) of about -12.710 trillion (US$16.773 trillion in 2014) according to International Monetary Fund, which makes it the largest or second largest economy in the world respectively if treated as the economy of a single country depending on a source used.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_the_European_Union
Economy of Europe - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Economy of Europe comprises more than 731 million people in 48 different countries. Like other continents, the wealth of Europe's states varies, although the poorest are well above the poorest states of other continents in terms of GDP and living standards.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Europe

Comments

Economy of Europe
Statistics
Paris
Currency	Euro (EUR, €) and 7 others
Fiscal year	Calendar year
Trade organisations	WTO, G20, G7 and others
Population	448,753,823 (EU27, 1 January 2023 prov. est.)^[1]
GDP	$18.98 trillion (nominal; 2024)^[2] $26.64trillion (PPP; 2024)^[2]
GDP growth	2.3% (2018) 1.7% (2019) −5.9% (2020) 5.4% (2021)^[3]
GDP per capita	$43,300 (nominal; 2024)^[2] $59,050 (PPP; 2024)^[2]
GDP by sector	Agriculture: 1.5% Industry: 24.5% Services: 70.7% (2016 est.)^[4]
Inflation ( CPI)	7.5% (March 2022)^[3]
Population below poverty line	9.8% (2013)^[4] 21.6% at risk of poverty or social exclusion (EU27, 2018 est.)^[5]
Gini coefficient	29.6 medium (EU27, 2018 est.)^[6]
Human Development Index	0.900 very high (2018)^[7] 0.816 very high IHDI (2018)^[7]
Labour force	220,026,545 (2022)^[8] 73.1% employment rate (Target: --, EU27; 2019)^[9] 72.7% employment rate (EA19, 2019)^[9]
Labour force by occupation	Agriculture: 5% Industry: 21.9% Services: 73.1% (2014 est.)^[4]
Unemployment	6.0% (EU27, september 2023)^[10] 6.5% (EA19, september 2023)^[10]
Average gross salary	€2,792 monthly (2021)^[11]
Average net salary	€2,178 monthly (2022)^[12]
Main industries	Ferrous non-ferrous metal metal products petroleum coal cement chemicals pharmaceuticals aerospace railway equipment automobile construction equipment industrial equipment shipbuilding electrical equipment machine tools automated systems electronics telecommunications equipment fishing food and beverages furniture paper textiles^[4]
External
Exports	$8.705 trillion (2021 est.)^[13]
Export goods	machinery, motor vehicles, pharmaceuticals and other chemicals, fuels, aircraft, plastics, iron and steel, wood pulp and paper products, alcoholic beverages, furniture
Main export partners	United States 18.3% United Kingdom 13.0% China 10.3% Switzerland 7.2% Russia 4.1% Turkey 3.6% Japan 2.9% Norway 2.6% South Korea 2.4% Canada 1.7% (2021 estimate)^[14]
Imports	$8.037 trillion (2021 est.)^[13]
Import goods	fuels and crude oil, machinery, vehicles, pharmaceuticals and other chemicals, precious gemstones, textiles, aircraft, plastics, metals, ships
Main import partners	China 22.3% United States 11.0% Russia 7.7% United Kingdom 6.9% Switzerland 5.8% Turkey 3.7% Norway 3.5% Japan 2.9% South Korea 2.6% India 2.2% (2021 estimate)^[14]
FDI stock	€4 trillion (inward, 2012)^[15] €5.2 trillion (outward, 2012)^[16]
Current account	€161.6 billion; 1.1% of GDP (2015)^[17]
Gross external debt	$13.05 trillion (31 December 2014 est.)^[13]
Net international investment position	−€2,557.4 billion; 17.5% of GDP (2015)^[18]
Public finances
Government debt	88.1% of GDP (EU27; 2021)^[19] €12.741 trillion (EU27; 2021)^[19]
Budget balance	€675.8 billion deficit (EU27; 2021)^[19] −4.7% of GDP (2021)^[19]
Revenues	46.9% of GDP (EU27; 2021)^[19]
Expenses	51.6% of GDP (EU27; 2021)^[19]
Economic aid	donor: ODA, $87.64 billion^[21]
Credit rating	Standard & Poor's:^[22] AA Outlook: Stable Moody's:^[22] AAA Outlook: Stable Fitch:^[22] AAA Outlook: Stable Scope:^[23] AAA Outlook: Stable
Foreign reserves	$0.6 trillion (2010)^[24]
Main data source: *CIA World Fact Book* All values, unless otherwise stated, are in US dollars.

Source : Wikipedia under CC-BY-SA license

Links
Media

Europe's Economy Needs Action, Not Words - Bloomberg View

Governments need to enact fiscal policy and financial reform.
http://www.bloombergview.com/articles/2015-09-04/europe-s-economy-needs-action-not-words
The Economy of Europe - Study

After watching this video, you will be able to describe the economy of Europe, including how countries of Europe work together economically.
http://study.com/academy/lesson/the-economy-of-europe.html
European Economic Review - Elsevier

Established in 1969, European Economic Review is one of the oldest general-interest economics journals for all of Europe.
http://www.journals.elsevier.com/european-economic-review
EUROPA - The economy

Key facts and figures on living in the EU: size and population, quality of life, education, languages, attitudes towards the EU.
http://europa.eu/about-eu/facts-figures/economy/index_en.htm
Eurozone crisis - Business - The Guardian

Understanding the Eurozone crisis in Europe.
http://www.theguardian.com/business/debt-crisis
Three reasons to cheer Europe's economy

Europe has been a top risk for the world economy for years. Is that about to change?
http://money.cnn.com/2015/03/05/news/economy/europe-economy-recovery
Europe's Economy - CNN Money

Europe's economy is set to remain in recession through 2013, making it harder for eurozone nations such as Spain, Italy and possibly even France to hit critical financial targets.
http://money.cnn.com/news/economy/europe/
European Economy - European Commission

European Economy contains major reports and communications from the Commission to the Council and the Parliament on the economic situation and economic developments.
http://ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/publications/european_economy/index_en.htm
European Economy - The Economist

The Economist describes the European Economy.
http://www.economist.com/topics/european-economy
Economy of the European Union - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The economy of the European Union generates a GDP (nominal) of about 14.303 trillion (US$18.451 trillion in 2014) and a GDP (PPP) of about -12.710 trillion (US$16.773 trillion in 2014) according to International Monetary Fund, which makes it the largest or second largest economy in the world respectively if treated as the economy of a single country depending on a source used.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_the_European_Union
Economy of Europe - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Economy of Europe comprises more than 731 million people in 48 different countries. Like other continents, the wealth of Europe's states varies, although the poorest are well above the poorest states of other continents in terms of GDP and living standards.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Europe

Economy of Europe
Statistics
Paris
Currency	Euro (EUR, €) and 7 others
Fiscal year	Calendar year
Trade organisations	WTO, G20, G7 and others
Population	448,753,823 (EU27, 1 January 2023 prov. est.)^[1]
GDP	$18.98 trillion (nominal; 2024)^[2] $26.64trillion (PPP; 2024)^[2]
GDP growth	2.3% (2018) 1.7% (2019) −5.9% (2020) 5.4% (2021)^[3]
GDP per capita	$43,300 (nominal; 2024)^[2] $59,050 (PPP; 2024)^[2]
GDP by sector	Agriculture: 1.5% Industry: 24.5% Services: 70.7% (2016 est.)^[4]
Inflation ( CPI)	7.5% (March 2022)^[3]
Population below poverty line	9.8% (2013)^[4] 21.6% at risk of poverty or social exclusion (EU27, 2018 est.)^[5]
Gini coefficient	29.6 medium (EU27, 2018 est.)^[6]
Human Development Index	0.900 very high (2018)^[7] 0.816 very high IHDI (2018)^[7]
Labour force	220,026,545 (2022)^[8] 73.1% employment rate (Target: --, EU27; 2019)^[9] 72.7% employment rate (EA19, 2019)^[9]
Labour force by occupation	Agriculture: 5% Industry: 21.9% Services: 73.1% (2014 est.)^[4]
Unemployment	6.0% (EU27, september 2023)^[10] 6.5% (EA19, september 2023)^[10]
Average gross salary	€2,792 monthly (2021)^[11]
Average net salary	€2,178 monthly (2022)^[12]
Main industries	Ferrous non-ferrous metal metal products petroleum coal cement chemicals pharmaceuticals aerospace railway equipment automobile construction equipment industrial equipment shipbuilding electrical equipment machine tools automated systems electronics telecommunications equipment fishing food and beverages furniture paper textiles^[4]
External
Exports	$8.705 trillion (2021 est.)^[13]
Export goods	machinery, motor vehicles, pharmaceuticals and other chemicals, fuels, aircraft, plastics, iron and steel, wood pulp and paper products, alcoholic beverages, furniture
Main export partners	United States 18.3% United Kingdom 13.0% China 10.3% Switzerland 7.2% Russia 4.1% Turkey 3.6% Japan 2.9% Norway 2.6% South Korea 2.4% Canada 1.7% (2021 estimate)^[14]
Imports	$8.037 trillion (2021 est.)^[13]
Import goods	fuels and crude oil, machinery, vehicles, pharmaceuticals and other chemicals, precious gemstones, textiles, aircraft, plastics, metals, ships
Main import partners	China 22.3% United States 11.0% Russia 7.7% United Kingdom 6.9% Switzerland 5.8% Turkey 3.7% Norway 3.5% Japan 2.9% South Korea 2.6% India 2.2% (2021 estimate)^[14]
FDI stock	€4 trillion (inward, 2012)^[15] €5.2 trillion (outward, 2012)^[16]
Current account	€161.6 billion; 1.1% of GDP (2015)^[17]
Gross external debt	$13.05 trillion (31 December 2014 est.)^[13]
Net international investment position	−€2,557.4 billion; 17.5% of GDP (2015)^[18]
Public finances
Government debt	88.1% of GDP (EU27; 2021)^[19] €12.741 trillion (EU27; 2021)^[19]
Budget balance	€675.8 billion deficit (EU27; 2021)^[19] −4.7% of GDP (2021)^[19]
Revenues	46.9% of GDP (EU27; 2021)^[19]
Expenses	51.6% of GDP (EU27; 2021)^[19]
Economic aid	donor: ODA, $87.64 billion^[21]
Credit rating	Standard & Poor's:^[22] AA Outlook: Stable Moody's:^[22] AAA Outlook: Stable Fitch:^[22] AAA Outlook: Stable Scope:^[23] AAA Outlook: Stable
Foreign reserves	$0.6 trillion (2010)^[24]
Main data source: *CIA World Fact Book* All values, unless otherwise stated, are in US dollars.

Source : Wikipedia under CC-BY-SA license

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Economy

Information about the economy--currency, gross domestic product (GDP) and development programs and challenges--of each European country and the economy of the continent as a whole.

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