| Autism | |
|---|---|
| Other names |
|
.jpg)
Autism has many presentations, in-humans all around the world;
From top left: an autistic toddler repeatedly stacking cans; an autistic figure skater competitor; an autistic boy in Somalia playing the abacus; an autism activist Greta Thunberg, explicitly she stated that she had Asperger syndrome, which now considered as autism. |
|
| Specialty | Psychiatry (neuropsychiatry), clinical psychology, pediatrics, occupational medicine |
| Symptoms | Difficulties in social interaction, verbal and nonverbal communication; inflexible routines; focused interests; repetitive body movements; unusual sensory responses |
| Complications | Social isolation, educational and employment problems, anxiety, stress, bullying, depression, self-harm, suicidality |
| Onset | Early childhood |
| Duration | Lifelong |
| Causes | Multifactorial, with many uncertain factors |
| Risk factors | Family history, certain genetic conditions, having older parents, certain prescribed drugs, perinatal and neonatal health issues |
| Diagnostic method | Based on combination of clinical observation of behavior and development and comprehensive diagnostic testing completed by a team of qualified professionals. For adults, the use of a patient's written and oral history of autistic traits becomes more important |
| Differential diagnosis | Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, intellectual disability, language disorders, social (pragmatic) communication disorder, selective mutism, stereotypic movement disorder, Rett syndrome, anxiety disorders, obsessive–compulsive disorder, schizophrenia, personality disorders[1] |
| Management | Applied behavior analysis, cognitive behavioral therapy, occupational therapy, speech–language pathology |
| Frequency | One in 100 people (1%) worldwide[2][3] |
| Autism | |
|---|---|
| Other names |
|
|
Autism has many presentations, in-humans all around the world;
From top left: an autistic toddler repeatedly stacking cans; an autistic figure skater competitor; an autistic boy in Somalia playing the abacus; an autism activist Greta Thunberg, explicitly she stated that she had Asperger syndrome, which now considered as autism. |
|
| Specialty | Psychiatry (neuropsychiatry), clinical psychology, pediatrics, occupational medicine |
| Symptoms | Difficulties in social interaction, verbal and nonverbal communication; inflexible routines; focused interests; repetitive body movements; unusual sensory responses |
| Complications | Social isolation, educational and employment problems, anxiety, stress, bullying, depression, self-harm, suicidality |
| Onset | Early childhood |
| Duration | Lifelong |
| Causes | Multifactorial, with many uncertain factors |
| Risk factors | Family history, certain genetic conditions, having older parents, certain prescribed drugs, perinatal and neonatal health issues |
| Diagnostic method | Based on combination of clinical observation of behavior and development and comprehensive diagnostic testing completed by a team of qualified professionals. For adults, the use of a patient's written and oral history of autistic traits becomes more important |
| Differential diagnosis | Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, intellectual disability, language disorders, social (pragmatic) communication disorder, selective mutism, stereotypic movement disorder, Rett syndrome, anxiety disorders, obsessive–compulsive disorder, schizophrenia, personality disorders[1] |
| Management | Applied behavior analysis, cognitive behavioral therapy, occupational therapy, speech–language pathology |
| Frequency | One in 100 people (1%) worldwide[2][3] |
