Biodiversity

The African climate is diverse, containing a rainforest in the center of the continent where it's hot and wet and two large deserts, the Sahara and the Kalahari. A vast savanna surrounds the rainforest turning into the Steppes, where the temperatures are hot and rain falls in the summer months only. A Mediterranean climate is found on the southern and northern tips of Africa. So, it's no surprise that Africa has equally diverse plant life.

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Plants of the savannas are highly specialized to grow in this environment of long periods of drought. They have long tap roots that can reach the deep water table, thick bark to resist annual fires, trunks that can store water, and leaves that drop of during the winter to conserve water.

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The Southern African region has a rich natural heritage of global significance to the world's climate and biological diversity - or biodiversity.

Map showing the Horn of Africa biodiversity hotspot and Coastal Forests of Eastern Africa Biodiversity Hotspots where many endemic plants and animals besides wild dogs are threatened.

Lesson 3:: African Biodiversity and Conservation

Biological diversity or biodiversity' means the variety of plant and animal life at the ecosystem, community or species level, and even at the genetic level.

African Biodiversity Network official website.

Researchers meeting in Cameroon have warned that Africa could lose up to 30 percent of its animal and plant species by the end of the century because of global warming, population growth and unregulated development.